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video-prompting
Cinematic techniques and professional patterns for Veo 3.1 video generation
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Cinematic techniques and professional patterns for Veo 3.1 video generation
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# Video Prompting Techniques for Veo 3.1 This skill documents professional techniques for creating effective video generation prompts using Google's Veo 3.1 model. ## Prompt Structure Formula **[Subject] + [Action/Movement] + [Scene/Setting] + [Style/Mood] + [Camera/Cinematography]** **Example:** "A golden retriever running through autumn leaves in a sunlit forest, cinematic warm tones, tracking shot following the dog, shallow depth of field" ## Camera Movement Glossary | Movement | Description | When to Use | |----------|-------------|-------------| | Dolly in/out | Camera moves toward/away on tracks | Reveal or emphasize subject | | Crane shot | Camera moves vertically up/down | Establish scale, dramatic reveals | | Tracking shot | Camera follows subject laterally | Action sequences, following motion | | Pan | Camera rotates horizontally (fixed position) | Scan environments, follow action | | Tilt | Camera rotates vertically (fixed position) | Reveal height, dramatic looks | | Orbit | Camera circles around subject | 360-degree character intros | | Steadicam | Smooth handheld movement | Immersive following shots | | Handheld | Intentional camera shake | Documentary feel, tension, realism | | Zoom | Lens focal length changes | Quick emphasis, crash zoom | | Static | No camera movement | Dialogue scenes, contemplative shots | ## Shot Composition | Shot Type | Frame | Best For | |-----------|-------|----------| | Extreme close-up (ECU) | Eyes, small details | Emotional intensity, texture | | Close-up (CU) | Face/head fills frame | Emotion, dialogue reactions | | Medium close-up (MCU) | Chest and up | Conversation, expressions | | Medium shot (MS) | Waist up | Gestures, body language | | Medium wide (MW) | Knees up | Action with context | | Wide shot (WS) | Full body + environment | Context, movement | | Establishing shot | Location overview | Set the scene, transitions | | Over-the-shoulder (OTS) | Behind one person | Dialogue scenes | | POV | From character's eyes | Immersion, tension | | Bird's eye | Directly overhead | God's view, patterns | | Low angle | Camera looks up | Power, dominance | | High angle | Camera looks down | Vulnerability, overview | | Dutch angle | Tilted frame | Unease, stylization | ## Lighting Descriptions | Lighting | Description | Mood | |----------|-------------|------| | Golden hour | Warm, soft sunlight (sunrise/sunset) | Romantic, nostalgic, warm | | Blue hour | Cool twilight ambiance | Mysterious, calm, melancholic | | High-key | Bright, minimal shadows | Upbeat, clean, cheerful | | Low-key | Deep shadows, dramatic contrast | Noir, mysterious, dramatic | | Silhouette | Backlit, subject in shadow | Dramatic, anonymous, artistic | | Neon | Colorful artificial lighting | Cyberpunk, nightlife, modern | | Natural | Realistic daylight or practical lights | Documentary, authentic | | Volumetric | Visible light rays through atmosphere | Ethereal, dramatic, spiritual | | Rim light | Light outlining subject edge | Separation, drama | | Soft diffused | Even, shadowless lighting | Beauty, commercial | ## Audio Prompting (Native in Veo 3.1) Veo 3.1 generates synchronized audio natively. Include audio cues in your prompts: ### Dialogue Use quotes with emotion/delivery cues: - "Hello, world!" she says excitedly - A man murmurs, "This must be it. That's the secret code." - "What did you find?" the woman whispers nervously ### Ambient Sounds Describe the soundscape: - rain pattering on windows - city traffic humming in the background - wind rustling through autumn leaves - waves crashing on rocks - birds chirping at dawn - footsteps echoing in an empty corridor ### Music/Mood Cues - tense silence broken by a heartbeat - upbeat electronic music - dramatic orchestral swell - soft piano melody - pulsing bass rhythm - nostalgic acoustic guitar ## Generation Modes | Mode | Parameters | Best For | |------|------------|----------| | Text-to-Video | prompt only | General creative generation | | Image-to-Video | firstFrameImage | Animate a photo, consistent starting point | | Frame-Controlled | firstFrameImage + lastFrameImage | Transitions, morphs (requires 8s) | | Style-Guided | referenceImages (up to 3) | Consistent visual style across videos | ## Style References | Style | Key Prompting Words | |-------|-------------------| | Cinematic | "cinematic", "film grain", "anamorphic", "shallow DOF" | | Documentary | "handheld", "natural lighting", "observational" | | Commercial | "clean", "bright", "product shot", "studio lighting" | | Film noir | "black and white", "high contrast", "dramatic shadows" | | Sci-fi | "futuristic", "neon", "holographic", "chrome" | | Fantasy | "ethereal", "magical", "mystical lighting" | | Horror | "dark", "unsettling", "atmospheric", "slow reveal" | | Animation | "3D animated", "stylized", "Pixar-style" | ## Example Prompts ### Cinematic Dialogue Scene ``` A close up of two people staring at a cryptic drawing on a wall, torchlight flickering. A man murmurs, "This must be it. That's the secret code." The woman looks at him whispering excitedly, "What did you find?" ``` ### Action Sequence ``` Tracking shot following a motorcycle racing through neon-lit city streets at night, rain-slicked roads reflecting colorful signs, engine roaring, tires screeching on tight turns, cinematic anamorphic lens flares ``` ### Nature Documentary ``` Slow motion extreme close-up of a hummingbird hovering at a red flower, iridescent green feathers catching golden hour sunlight, wings beating rapidly creating a soft blur, soft ambient forest sounds with bird calls in the distance ``` ### Product Commercial ``` Smooth dolly shot revealing a sleek smartphone on a minimalist white surface, soft studio lighting with subtle reflections, shallow depth of field, premium aesthetic, gentle ambient music ``` ### Emotional Character Moment ``` Medium close-up of a woman sitting by a rain-streaked window, soft natural light illuminating her face, she sighs softly "I miss you," quiet piano melody plays, contemplative and melancholic mood ``` ## Best Practices 1. **Structure your prompts**: Follow the formula for consistent results 2. **Be specific about camera**: Include movement AND composition 3. **Describe audio**: Veo 3.1's native audio is powerful - use it 4. **Include lighting**: Lighting sets the mood more than anything 5. **Use style references**: Reference film styles for consistent aesthetics 6. **Consider duration**: Match content complexity to video length 7. **Use referenceImages**: For style consistency across multiple videos 8. **Test with fast mode**: Iterate quickly before using standard quality
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